External Environment Factor free essay sample

There are 7 external environmental factors. They are political, economic, sociocultural, technology, customers, competitors and suppliers. Each of these factors have a great impact to an organization. They offer both opportunities and treats to organization. POLITICAL factors refer to the relationship between a business and a government. Every organization must spend a great time and money to meet with governmental regulation. ECONOMIC factors refer to the conditions of the economic system which an organization operates. Every organization should focus on economic growth and stability to survive long term. Economic factors will also affect customers buying power and pattern. For example, when economic is good, customers will spend their money wiser if compared to a bad economic. SOCIOCULTURAL factors refer to customer preferences and tastes. 3 factors should be consider in social cultural factors. They are demographic, lifestyle and social values. TECHNOLOGY factors refer to the relationship between technology and organization. High technology are used to increase efficiency and effectiveness. We will write a custom essay sample on External Environment Factor or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page To success long term, an organization should respond well in the changing on technology. CUSTOMERS are clients who absorb the organizational output. It is important for an organization to understand and fulfil customers’ needs and wants. COMPETITORS can produce competitive forces. Competitive forces can provide opportunities and threats to an organization. Every organization should build a strong relationship with their SUPPLIER. It is important as it can ensure a steady needed input and the lowest price and delivery time. KEY ELEMENT WHEN DESIGNING ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE CENTRALIZATION means decision making is concentrated at upper levels in the organization. DECENTRALIZATION means decision making are delegated to the lower levels of the management. Centralization usually common in a field that are sensitive, such as finance. Decentralization usually common in a field that require immediate decision making, such as marketing. DETERMINANTS OF CENTRALIZATION AND DECENTRALIZATION are: The nature of the business Size of organization The external environment Management level Management functions Organizational strategy Organizational Culture Geographical SPAN OF CONTROL is the number of employees who that are directly supervised by a manager. The width of span of control is affected by skills or abilities of the manager, characteristics of employees, characteristics of the task and the characteristics of organization. The wider the span of control, the better the communication system. A more centralized organization will have a narrow span of control; a more decentralized organization will have a wide span of control. BASIC TYPE OF ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE There are a few TYPE OF ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE. The first one is SIMPLE STRUCTURE. It is low departmentalized, wide spans of control, centralized authority and little formalization. The second one is FUNCTIONAL STRUCTURE. It is departmentalized by function. The third one is DIVISIONAL STRUCTURE. It is a separate business units or divisions with limited authority, and under the control of the parent corporation. The fourth one is MATRIX STRUCTURE. It is a structure that certain individuals report to more than one superior. MARKETING – CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOUR HUMAN RESOURCE PROCESS HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT is an organizational activities in effort at attracting, developing, and maintaining an effective workforce. The first stage in HUMAN RESOURCE PROCESS is human resource planning. Human resource planning ensures that organization have the right number and kind of people in the right place at the right time. Job analysis, job description and job specification are conducted during human resource planning. The organization will assess current HR resources. After that, organization will need to forecast HR demands and supply. They need to forecast both internal and external demand. Internal demands are the number and type of employee that will be in the firm in future time. External demands are the number of people that will be available for hiring in the market. Next, they need to assess current employees by preparing replacement chart and employee information system. Replacement chart will list each management position, who occupied it, how long will that people service, and who is qualified for the replacement. Employee information system is a computerized system that contain all employees’ information such as education, skill work experience and career aspiration. Then, they will recruit human resource. Recruiting is the process of attracting qualified people to apply for job in the organization that is seeking to fill. There are two type of recruiting, internal and external. Internal recruiting is considering current employee as candidate. External recruiting is attracting people outside an organization to apply for job. After that, they need to develop the newly recruited employee by providing training. The type of training are on-job training, off-job training, and vestibule training. They also need to maintain them by giving reward according to their performance. The reward can be in the form of incentive, bonus, compensation and benefit. QUALITY IMPROVEMENT AND TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT (TQM) TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT (TQM) is an activities involved in getting high-quality goods and services into the marketplace. There a several TOOL FOR TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT. ISO 9000 is a tool. It is a program certifying that a factory, laboratory, or office has met the quality management standards set by the International Organization for Standardization. Next is ISO 14000. It is a certification program attesting to the fact that a factory, laboratory, or office has improved its environmental performance. Competitive product analysis is another tool. Competitive Product Analysis is the process which a company analyzes a competitor’s products to identify desirable improvements. The next one is quality improvement team. It is a collaborative groups of employees from various work areas work together to improve quality by solving common shared production problems. Getting closer to the customer is also a tool. Customers are the driving force for all business activity. To be the most successful firms, they should keep close to their customers and know what they want in the products they consume.

EISENHOWER Surname Origin and Last Name Meaning

EISENHOWER Surname Origin and Last Name Meaning The surname Eisenhower is a common Americanized spelling of the German occupational surname Eisenhauer meaning iron cutter or iron worker. Eisenhauer derives from  the Middle High German isen, meaning iron and  houwà ¦re, a derivative of houwen, meaning to cut, chop, or hew. The surname is similar in meaning to Smith, Schmidt and other surnames that mean blacksmith. Alternate Surname Spellings:  EISENHAUER, ISENHOUR, ISENHAUER,  ICENHOUR, IZENOUR Surname Origin: German Where in the World is the EISENHOWER Surname Found? According to  WorldNames public profiler, the Eisenhower surname is found most prevalently in the United States, with an especially strong presence in the state of Pennsylvania. A few occurrences of the surname also appear in Canada (specifically the Peel region of southwest Ontario), Germany (Berlin and Bayern) and England (specifically Worcestershire). The Eisenhower spelling of the surname is not very prevalent in Germany, found only in Berlin according to the surname distribution map at  verwandt.de.  The German Eisenhauer spelling, however, is found in 166 localities throughout Germany, most prevalently in  Bergstraße,  Odenwaldkreis,  Rhein-Neckar-Kreis and  Aurich.   Famous People with the EISENHOWER Surname: Dwight David Ike Eisenhower - 34th President of the United States Genealogy Resources for the Surname EISENHOWER: Meanings of Common German SurnamesUncover the meaning of your German last name with this free guide to the meanings and origins of common German surnames. Eisenhower / Stover Family GenealogyView a family tree of the ancestors of former US president Dwight D. Eisenhower, as well as those of his mother, Ida Elizabeth Stover. Biographical information on Dwight and his brothers is also available. From the Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library, Museum, and Boyhood Home. Eisenhower Lineage and ReferenceAccess digital copies of a  series of bulletins on Eisenhower, Eisenhauer, Isenhour, Icenhour, Izenour, etc., family history compiled by Fannie B. Richardson beginning August 20, 1956. Eisenhower Family Genealogy ForumSearch this popular genealogy forum for the Eisenhower surname to find others who might be researching your ancestors, or post your own Eisenhower surname query. See also Eisenhauer. FamilySearch - EISENHOWER GenealogyExplore over 144,000 results, including digitized records, database entries, and online family trees for the Eisenhower surname and its variations on the FREE FamilySearch website, courtesy of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. DistantCousin.com - EISENHOWER Genealogy Family HistoryExplore free databases and genealogy links for the last name Eisenhower. The Eisenhower Genealogy and Family Tree PageBrowse genealogy records and links to genealogical and historical records for individuals with the Eisenhower surname from the website of Genealogy Today. Looking for the meaning of a given name? Check out First Name Meanings Cant find your last name listed? Suggest a surname to be added to the Glossary of Surname Meanings Origins. - References: Surname Meanings Origins Cottle, Basil. Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967. Dorward, David. Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket edition), 1998. Fucilla, Joseph. Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003. Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges. A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989. Hanks, Patrick. Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003. Reaney, P.H. A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997. Smith, Elsdon C. American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997. Back to Glossary of Surname Meanings Origins

Impacts of Volunteer Tourism on Host Communities Essay

Impacts of Volunteer Tourism on Host Communities - Essay Example The impact of volunteer tourism on host communities is noticeable. Such activities are associated with many positive sides on the respected society. Volunteer tourism enriches the host community with the blessing and their dream of education. Secondly, economical stability is ensured as they undertake many programs to eradicate poverty. Thirdly, social understanding and mutual relationship with diverse nations are strengthened. Fourthly, many activities are organized to safeguard the environment and the nature. Finally, it raises the health standard of the host communities. On the flip side, numerous adverse effects follow this trend. First of all, problems arise due to the lack of sufficient information about a particular community. Moreover, profit driven organizations or at least a minority of such groups tend to have hidden agenda of their own economical wellbeing. Many volunteer tourists visit the host community merely for entertainment rather than serving the natives. Ultimatel y, social and cultural abomination is likely as the unique culture is forced to follow the other. Volunteer tourism primarily focuses on the different areas of development and upliftment of a particular community. Moreover, profit driven organizations or at least a minority of such groups tend to have hidden agenda of their own economical wellbeing. Many volunteer tourists visit the host community merely for entertainment rather than serving the natives. Ultimately, social and cultural abomination is likely as the unique culture is forced to follow the other. Volunteer tourism primarily focuses on the different areas of development and upliftment of a particular community. These volunteer tourists are skilled in different levels of profession, contributing to the comprehensive development of the host community. Pursuing quality education is one of the most fundamental rights of every community. Volunteer tourism activities are often carried out by educational institutions. Focusing on the communities and their growth, many educational institutions and libraries are established. Understanding the significance of this initiatives Wearing (2001, p. 146) states that â€Å"local community and indi genous people† would have better access to education as many volunteer programs are introduced. The economical benefits enjoyed by the host community are not negligible. The volunteer tourism will result in a comprehensive development. Various training activities given will enhance the efficiency in employment. Moreover, many construction works such as houses, schools and industries are successfully carried out all which contribute to the economic benefits of the host communities. Evidently, maintaining a global social and mutual understanding is made possible as a result of volunteer tourism. This interaction results in keeping a good rapport with many societies and communities thereby easing tensions between them. Having such kind of mutual understanding and socialization alters the whole world into a global village. According to Niche Tourism, it is the groups which understand the diversity of its own culture and common roots enhance better understanding and appreciation (N ovelli 2013, p. 225). Host community also gets adequate respect and recognition from the outside world. As result, good social understanding and harmony can be ensured. Furthermore, many awareness programs are conducted in the host community to protect the environment from all kinds of threats. In order to ensure healthy wellbeing many action are introduced and implemented by the groups in their volunteer vacations. They often keep real and advanced guidelines and instruction regarding the maintenance of the land and healthy atmosphere. Activities organized vary from one location to the other.